Heat exchange device



Aug. 7, 1945. N. A.- SCOTT, JR 2,381,006

HEAT EXCHANQE DEVICE Filed 001:. 30, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug. 7, 1945.-N. A. SCOTT. JR

HEAT EXCHANGE DEVICE Filed Oct. 50, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Ooooooooownoooooco occowooooo ooooooJnoooonoaoooooomroooo vocoooooocboogoooodoccno oaooonmoooouuoowboooooao 0 coon 00383 3333330INVENTOR #016675 A. Scorz J22.

taken on the line 44 of Fig. 1.

Peterited'l Aug... '3, 1%45 2,3l,ti%

HEAT EKCWANGE 'BEVEGE Norris A. Scott, Jim, Mountain Hashes, N. to esscrto Foster Wheeler @crporsticn, New

iiorh, N. Y2K, a. corporation oiNew York Application (fictober 30, 19%,Serial No. M7379 s maims. (oi. 'i--32) This invention relates to heatexchange devices and more particularly pertains to heaters employed topreheat water or other fluid to be fed to e. vapor generator by heattransferred from the steam or other condensible fluid introduced intogree of emciency since the condensate Withdrawn therefrom contains ahigh degree of heat. v

The present invention provides an improved method of transferring heatand improved heat exchange apparatus in which fluid is heated by passingit in indirect heat exchange relationship with a condensible vapor and amaximum amount of heat is transferred from the vapor to the fluid. Theinvention also provides an apparatus and method by means of which thefluid fed to a vapor generator is preheated by passing lt'in indirectheat exchange relationship with a condensible vapor and the condensatefrom the fluid heating section of the apparatus is passed throughaseparate condensate cooling zone in the upparatus.

The invention also provides an apparatus for heating fluid by heattransfer wherein the fluid carrying tubes may expand and contractwithout damage to the apparatus.

The features and advantages which characterlze the invention will beapparent from the following description when considered in connectionwith the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof and in which:

cover it which is held in a closed position by any desirable means andis tightly sealed by a. gasket 82'. At the bottom thereof the shell illhas a flange it with a circular projection-it thereon adapted to bereceived in a circular recess is in a flange it on a cylindrical adapterpiece ii. The flanges are held together by bolts or any other desirablemeans. A sealing gasket it is positioned between the flanges to form aseal therebetween. Extending transversely of the adapter piece 9?intermediate the opposite ends thereof is e partition iii forming achamber 28 in communication with the cber El and a chamber 22 on theopposite side'of the partition. The chamber 22 is closed by a bottom.

plate 23 held in position by a retainin ring it adapted to be receivedin a recess in the adapter piece. Awatertlght seal is provided betweenthe chamber 22 and the bottom piste through a sealins. diaphragm 25. Afluid inlet conduit 26, through which fluid to be hosted enters theheater, is in communication with the inlet chamher it, while an outletconduit 2i is in communication with an outlet chamber 23 formed in thechamber 32 by partitions t9 separating the chambers 22 and itso thatfluid cannot pass from one to the other.

Rolled into the partition 2t. and extending upwardly therefrom is aplurality of tubes tt, some of which tubes designated 38' are incommunication with the outlet chamber. while other tubes designated 3b?are in communication with the inlet chamber. Supported-by the tubes atthe top thereof is a. floating head 8i into-which the tubes are rolled.This head is recessed at 32 to receive a cover plate lthcld by a.retaining ring as tightly against a shoulder formed between the recess32 and a smaller recess 36. A plate 3i resting on a shoulder in therecess '38 and spaced above the top or the tubes 88 forms a chamber isabove the tubcsi-A sealing dia- Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view ofone form of apparatus embodying the invention;'

the line 33 of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 4 is a, View similar to Figs. 2 and s, but

Like characters of reference refer to parts throughout the severalviews.

Referring to the drawings, reference character the same I0 designates asubstantially vertically extendlns cyllndrical'shell or housing torminsa chamber ll therein and flanged at thetop to receive s. so ma the tubes"a phragm 39 is positioned between theplate and the cover plate 88 so asto seal the chamber 38 against leakage; The head 3lis of a slightly lessdiameter cm the diameter 01 the chamber II and is positioned inspacedrelationshlp to the cover I 2 so that the head mayhave verticalmovement in t'hc'shcll ID with the expansionand contraction oi the tubes80.

A-zroupof tubes Inc the cold water inlet "are enclosed in a shell"comprising a portltion ll between the tubes Ila and the tubes l0" and asegmental partition 40" spaced-from spaced through the cutout portionsd! and 46.

thereto, the opposite sides of the segmental partition being secured tothe partition 40 in a fluid tight manner. The partition 40' is fastenedin a fluid tight manner. at the bottom to the partition 20 in theadapter piece and extends upwardly to a point short of the floatinghead. Another segmental partition 4 I, of a lesser radius than thesegmental partition 40'', is fastened in a .fiuid tight manner atopposite sides to the partition 40 and encloses the tubes 30a from thepartition 20 to which it is fastened in fluid tight relationship,upwardly to a point adjacent the flange IS. The partition H has aperipheral flange 42 which extends outwardly from the top of thepartition M to the inner wall of the shell l against which it fitstightly. The segmental partition 40", which has a greater radius thanthe partition 49, is secured in fluid tight relationship to the flange42 and extends upwardly 'from the flange to a point short of thefioating head 3|. With this construction, a cooling chamber 49 isformed. around the tubes 38a which cooling chamber is oi. a greaterradius above the flange 52 than below said flange. In decreasing theradiusoi the chamber as below the flange 62 by means of partition 4|, 2.chamber 33 is formed between the outer periphery of the segmentalpartition 4| and the inner wall of the housing to which extendslongitudinally of the housing between the partition 28 and the plate 62and circumferentially of the partition M from the point of itsconnection at one side thereof to the partition to to the point oil itsconnection at the opposite side to the partition in. The chamber 43 is'in communication with the chambers 2i and H through a passagedt formedbetween the partition 40' and a partition 65 which extends between thetubes fill" and tubes 343 and from the partition 2b upwardly to a pointa short distance therefrom. The partition 45 is connected to thepartition db by a top piece 45'. The partition 45 has a passage astherein at one end thereof, while the partition 40' has a cut-outportion 4'1! therein adjacent the opposite end of the partition 45 andin communication with the chamber .43. The passage it is therefore incommunication with the chamber 53 and chamber 2| respectively,

Condensate flowing through the passage M will be precooled by contactwith the tubes at?" in this chamber I I.

passage before entering the chamber 63 since cool fiuid from the inlet26 and chamber 22 flows through the tubes 39''.

"The segmental partition 48" togetherwith the partition All, isconnected in sealed relationship to the floating head by means of acylindrical expansion connection 48. In this manner, a sealed coolingchamber 49 is formed around the tubes 30a between the segmentalpartitionA B" and the partition which chamber is restrictedt'o a slightdegree below the flange 42 by the segmental section 4| so as to a ventpipe 5| which extends from the expanslble connection 48 downwardly intothe partition 20 and is vented to the atmosphere through a tube 5|.

The chamber ll has a vent 63 in order that said chamber will not becomeair bound.

Through riser tubes 50 the chamber 43 is in communication with thechamber 49, the riser tubes extending upwardly from the flange 42 to apoint short 01' the bottom of the floating head 3|.

At the bottom, the chamber 49 is in communication with a condensateoutlet conduit 52 which conduit extends through the housing In andchamber 43, the outlet conduit providing means by which condensate maybe withdrawn from the chamber 49 without admixture with condensate inthe chamber 43.

Preferably, a plurality of ballles'54 and 55 are used in chamber 49 fordirecting the flow of condensate therethrough and to-support the tubes39a. The baffles 54. project substantially horizontally at spaced pointsfrom the segmental partition 4G"-to a point short of the partition 40',while bailies 55 project from the partition 463 and are vertically sospaced as to be substantially intermediate the bafiies 56.

A plurality of flow directing and tube supporting bafiles also arepreferably used in the chamber II. The baiile 56, disposed substantiallyintermediate opposite ends of the shell It), extends transversely of thechamber II horizontally be tween the partition 49' and a point short ofthe inner wall of the shell Hi, the baflie being supported intermediatethe partition and the wall by supports 51 disposed at opposite sides ofthe The chamber H has a vapor inlet conduit 58 in communicationtherewith adjacent the baille' 56, which has mounted thereon animpingement plate 59 adapted to deflect a stream of vapor from the vaporconduit 58 upwardly in the chamber II and also direct a stream ofvapor'downwardly in the chamber. Positioned on opposite sides of theheme plate 55 and vertically spaced therefrom are bafile plates 50 whichare fastened to vertically extending supports 51 and project therefromhorizontally toward the inner wall of the shell l0 substantially thesame distance as the baiile 56.

Extending transversely of the chamber H from the supports 51 where theyare connected by angles 56', to thepartition 40' are vertically spacedbafiles 6| which also bear a spaced relationship to bafiies 60. Anydesired number of these baflles may be used. Bailles 62, which arevertically spaced from each other, extend horl-- zontally from thesupports 51 to which they are attached at a point substantiallyintermediate the baffles 5| to the inner wall of the shell HI.

' The bames so, 5!, 62, baflie 56. and impingement plate 59 cause thevapor entering the chamber to pass upwardly and downwardly through thechamber in a tortuous path.

' the tubes 30" in the chamber .l I.

In operation, cool water, or other fluid to be heated, is passed intothe chamber 22 through the inlet conduit 28 from which it is passedupwardly in the tubes 30a in the chamber 49, and The chamber 48 1sremote from the vapor inlet 58 and is sealed from the chamber II. Fromthe tubes 30a and the fluid passes into the chamber 35 above the tubesand thence downwardly in the tubes 3 into-the outlet chamber 28, whenceit flows through the outlet conduit 21 to a point of use.

In order that the fluid may be heated as it passes through the tubes 30,condensible vapor is passed into the chamber ll through the vapor inletconduit 58 where it impinges on deflector plate 59 homes 50, 81 and 62.These baflles serve to support the tubes and to distribute the vapor sothat it will flow over the tubes 30" and 30. the flow of vapor beingcountercurrentto the flow of fluid in the tubes 90' which are nearestthe vapor inlet, and in the same direction as the flow of fluid in thetubes 30"which are remote from the vapor inlet. Condensate formed bycontact of the vapor with the tubes flows downwardly over the baillesthrough the chamber I l and into the chamber 2| to the bottom thereoflAny uncond'ensed vapor is directed downwardly over thetubes by contactwith the bottom of the the water level line L in Fig. 1 of the drawings,

so that steam will not pass from the chambers H and 2| into the chamber43 and tubes 50,

thereby preventing hammering in the cooling section. The condensate soformed is forced by the pressure in the chambers II and 2|, caused bythe pressure of the condensible vapor entering the chamber through theinlet 58,

through the passage 46 into the passage 44 and thence into the chamber43 through the cut-out portion 41 in the partition 40'. As thecondensate passes through the passage 44 it is precooled by contact withthe ,tubes 3|" in said passage and through which cool fluid from thechamber 22 passes. The precooled condensate rises from the chamber 43through the riser tubes' 50 and is discharged into the chamber 49 at thetop thereof adjacent the floating head 3|. While the condensate isrising in the tubes 50 it is cooled further since the tubes 30a passingthrough the chamber 49 are cooled by cold fluid flowing through them;the tubes cooling the chamber 49 which is sealed from the vapor enteringthe chamber ll through the inlet 58. The con densate passing into thechamber 49 from the riser tubes 50 flows downwardly through the chamberover the battles 54 and 55 countercurrent to the flow of fluidin' thetubes 30a and is cooled by further contact with these tubes. Thecondensate passes to the bottom of the chamber 49 and thence outwardlythrough the outlet conduit 52. A

Thus, it will be perceived that the invention provides a fluid heaterand a heat transfer method in which the vapor used for heating the fluidis condensed and the condensate thoroughly cooled through the provisionof a separate cooling section in the heater or in the heating zone. Theconstruction and arrangement of parts provides maximum 3 efliciency andwill not be subject to lowering efliciency due to short circuiting orby-passing of steam or other vapo into the separate cooling section.

As used. herein 'and in the claims. the term vapor includes gas.

Although a preferred embodiment of the in-. vention is disclosed herein,it is to be under-- stood that changes may be made in the particularform and relative arrangement of the vari us parts of the apparatusdescribed without departing fromithe principles of the invention. For

' example, the baflles may be arranged otherwise than as disclosed, orthe baiiles maybe omitted if desired. Accordingly, the invention is notto be limited excepting by the scope of the appended axial expansion andcontraction of the tubes, an'

inlet in the shell through which condensible fluid is supplied underpressure, a second group of tubes, partition means in the shell forminga 5 chamber around the second tube group and for separating the secondtube group from the first tube group, said partition being fixedlymounted in fluid tight manner at one end thereof and extending to apoint short of the movable tube sheet, an expansible member between thepartition and the movable tube sheet, means for supplying a fluid tosaid second group of tubes for flow therethrough and then through thetubes ofthe first group, an outlet through which fluid passes afterflowing through said first group of tubes, the condensate formed by.passage of the condensible fluid in heat exchange relationship with thetubes of the first group collecting at the lower end of said flrst groupoftubes an upwardly extending tubular member in said chamber adapted.to.discharge int'o said chamber adjacent-the upper end thereof,enclosed passage means in communication with the condensate collected atthe lower end of the first group of tubes and with the lower end of theupwardly extending tubular member through which tubular membercondensate is forced upwardly by the pressure of the condensible fluidin the shell and is discharged thereinto to flow downwardly in heatexchange relationship with the tubes therein, and an outlet in the lowerportion of the chamber through which condensate is withdrawn therefrom.

2. A heat exchanger comprising ashell having separated inlet and outletchambers at the bottom thereof, ,an inlet through which a cooling fluidis admitted to the inlet chamber, an outlet through which heated fluidpasses from the shell, 9. tube sheet forming a top for said chambers, afirst group of substantially vertically extending tubes in the shellconnected to said tube sheet a plurality of which are incommunicationwith the outlet chamber, an inlet in the shellthrough which condensiblefluid under pressure is supplied, the condensate formed by passage ofsaid fluid in heat exchange relationship with the tubes of the firsttube group collecting at the lower end of said flrstgroup of tubes, asecond group or substantially vertically extending tubes, said tubesbeing connected to the tube sheet and in communication with the inletchamber and with the first tube group so that fluid flows from thesecond tube group into the first tube group, means in the shellforforming a condensate cooling chamber around said second group oftubes, an upwardly extending tubular member in the cooling chamberadjacent the tubes of said second group, partition means in the shellforming an enclosed passage in communication with the condensatecollected at the lower end of said first group of tubes and throughwhich condensate flows to the tubular member, the arrangement being suchthat the condensate is.forced upwardly in the tubular member'bypressure.oi' the I condensible fluid in the shell through at least part of thecooling chamber and discharged thereinto to pass downwardly in heatexchange relationship with the tubes therein, and an outlet in the lowerportion of said cooling chamber through which condensate is withdrawnfrom said chamber. I

3. A heat exchanger comprising a shell having separated inlet and outletchambers at the bottom thereof, an inlet through which a cooling fluidis admitted to the inlet chamber, an outlet in communication with theoutlet chamber through which heated fiuid passes'trom the shell, a firstgroup of substantially vertically extending tubes in the shell aplurality of which are in communication with the outlet chamber, aninlet in the shell through which condensible fluid under the condensiblefluid in heatexchange relationship with the tubes of the first groupcollecting at the lower end of said first'group of 'tubes, a condensatecooling chamber around the second group of tubes, upwardly extendingtubular members in the cooling chamber, partition means above the inletchamber forming a passage through which tubes conducting cooling fluidfrom the inlet chamber pass, said passage bein in communication with thecondensate collected at the end of said tubular first group of members,means for conducting the condensate from said passage above the inletchamber to the inlet end of the upwardly extending tubular members, theoutlet end of the tubular members discharging into the cooling chamber,the arrangement being such that the condensate is forced upwardly in thetubular members by pressure of the condensible fluid in the shellthrough at least part of the cooling chamber and discharged thereinto topass downwardly in heat exchange relationship with the tubes therein,and an outlet in the lower portion of said cooling chamber throughvbzhieh condensate is withdrawn from said cham- 4. A heat exchangercomprising a shell having separated inlet and outlet chambers at thebottom thereof, an inlet through which a cooling fluid is admitted tothe inlet chamber, an outlet in communication with the outlet chamberthrough which-heated fluid passes from the shell, a first group ofsubstantially vertically extending tubes in the shell, some of saidtubes being in communication with the inlet chamber and other of thetubes, being in communication with the outlet chamber, an inlet in theshell through which condensible fluid under pressure is supplied, asecond group of substantially vertically extending tubes incommunication at one .end with the inlet chamber and with said tubes ofthe first tubeg'roup which are in communication with the outlet chamber,th condensate formed by passage of the condensible fluid in heatexchange relationship with .the tubes of, the first group collecting atthe lower end 01' said first group of tubes, a condensate coolingchamber around the second group of tubes, upwardly extending tubularmembers in the cooling chamber, partition means in said condensatecollecting means forming a, passage through which the tubes of the firsttube group which are in communication with the inlet chamber pass, saidpassage being in communication with the condensate collected at the endor said first group of tubular members, and means for conducting thecondensate from said passage above the inlet chamber to the inlet end ofthe upwardly extending tubular member, the outlet end of the tubularmembers discharging into the cooling chamber, the arrangement being suchthat the condensate is forced upwardly in the tubular members bypressure of the condensible fluid in the shell through at least part ofthe cooling chamber and dis-' charged thereinto to pass downwardly inheat I titioning means in the tube bank dividing it into 20 completelyseparated first and second laterally disposed tube groups, means forsupplying a fluid to the inlet ends of the tubes of thebank ior flowtherethrough and discharge at the outlet ends thereof, means forsupplying a condensible fluid under pressure to the interior of theshell for contact with the tubes of the first tube group, the shell,tubes and associated parts being arranged and disposed so thatcondensate of the condensible fluid collects in a zone adjacent one endof the tube bank and adjacent the tubes of the first tube group,separate tubular members disposed in the shell adjacent to and at thesame side of the partitioning means as the tubes of the second tubegroup and substantially parallel thereto,

said separate tubular members extending to a' point adjacent theopposite end of the tube bank of the second tube group, conduit meansconnecting the zone adjacent said one end of the first tube group withthe corresponding ends of said separate tubular members, the pressure ofthe condensible fiuid causing the collected condensate to fiow throughsaid separate tubular members to said opposite end portion of the secondtube .group, and means providing an outlet for the condensate from theshell adjacent said one end of the tube bank and adjacent the tubes otthe second tube group, whereby the condensate is caused to fiow incontact with those portions of the tubes of the second tube groupextending intermediate said opposite end and said one end of the tubebank.

6. A heat exchanger comprising a shell, a bank of substantiallyvertically extending tubes in the shell, longitudinally extendingpartitioning means.

in the tube bank dividing it into completely separated first and secondlaterally disposed tube groups, means for supplying a fluid to the inletends of the tubes of the bank for flow therethroughand discharge at theoutlet ends thereoi, meansfor supplying a condensible fluid underpressure to the interior of the shell for contact with the tubes of thefirst tube group, the shell, tubes and associated parts being arrangedand disposed so that condensate oi the condensible fluid collects in azone adjacent the lower end of the tube bank and adjacent the tubes ofthe first tube group, separate tubular members disposed in the shelladjacent to the tubes of the second tube group and at the same side ofthe partitionlower end of the first tube group with the correspendingends of said separate tubular members, the pressure of the condensiblefluid causing the collected condensate to flow through said sep-.

of the second tube group, and means providing an outlet for thecondensate from the shell adjacent the lower end of the tube bank andadjacent the tubes of the second tube group, whereby the condensate iscaused to flow in contact with those portions of the tubes of the secondtube group extending intermediate said upper end and the lower end ofthe tube bank.

7. A heat exchanger comprising a shell, a bank of tubes in the shell,longitudinally extending partitioning means in the tube bank dividing itinto completely separated first and second laterally disposed tubegroups, the tubes of the first and second tube groups being incommunication, means for supplying a cooling fluid to the tubes of thesecond tube group for flow therethrough and then through the tubes ofthe first group, means for supplying a condensible fluid under pressureto the interior of the shell for contact with the tubes of the firsttube group, the shell, tubes and associated parts being arranged anddisposed so that condensate of the condensible fluid collects in a zoneadjacent one end oi' the tube bank and adjacent the tubes of the firsttube group, separate tubular members disposed in the shell adjacent toand at the same side of the partitioning means as the tubes of thesecond tube group and substantially parallel thereto, said separatetubular members extending to a point adjacent the opposite end of thetube bank of the second tube group, conduit means connecting the zoneadjacent said one end or, the first tube group with the correspondingends of said separate tubular'members, the pressure of the condensiblefluid causing the collected condensate to flow through said separatetubular members to said opposite end portion or the second tube group,and means providing an outlet for the condensate from the shell adjacentsaid one end of the tube bank and adjacent the tubes 01' the second tubearate tubularjmembers to said upper end portion I group, whereby thecondensate is caused to flow in contact with those portions 01' thetubes of the; second tube group extending intermediate said opposite endand said one end of the tube bank.

8. A heat exchanger comprising a shell, a bank of substantiallyvertically extending tubes in the shell, longitudinally extendingpartitioning means in the tube bank dividing it into completelyseparated first and second laterally disposed tube groups, the tubes ofthe first and second tube groups being in communication, means forsupplying a cooling fluid to the tubes of the second tube group for flowtherethrough and then through the tubes of the first group, means forsupplying a condensible fiuid under pressure to the interior of theshell for contact with the tubes of the first tube group, the shell,tubes and associated parts being arranged and disposed so thatcondensate of the condensible fluid collects in a zone adjacent thelower end of the tube bani: and adjacent the tubes of the first tubegroup, separate tubular members disposed in the shell adjacent to thetubes of the second tube group and at the same side of the partitioningmeans as the second tube group and substantially parallel thereto, saidseparate tubular members extending to a point adjacent the upper end oi.the tube bank of the second tube group, conduit means connecting thezone adjacent said lower end of the first tube group with thecorresponding ends of said separate tubular members, the pressure of thecondensible fluid causing the collected condensate to now through saidseparate tubular members to said upper end portion of the second tubegroup, and means providing an outlet for the condensate from the shelladjacent the lower end of the tube bank and adjacent the tubes of thesecond tube group, whereby the condensate is caused to flowrin contactwith those portions of the tubes of the second tube group extendingintermediate said upper end and the lower end of the tubeba'nk.

NORRIS A. SCOTT. JR.

